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Monday, August 22, 2022

What The Word "Nyam" Means In The African Languages Of Fula, Serer, Wolof, & Akan, And What "Nyam" Means In Jamaican Patois



Souley O, June 16, 2019

It is no doubt that Caribbeans people come from West African, In Jamaica they use the word Nyam a lot but most of them ignore the origin of the word. In this video i explain it.


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Edited by Azizi Powell This pancocojams post showcase a YouTube vlog about the origin meaning of the word "nyam" in the traditional African language of Fula language.

This post includes selected comments from this vlog's discussion thread that provides information about the word "nyam" in Fulani, in other traditional African languages, in Jamaican Patois, and in some other African and African Diaspora languages.
This post also includes comments about the word "nyam" from another YouTube vlog* "Jamaican Patois Words with African Origin" published by Shan's Patwa Academy on May 27, 2021.
Information about the Fula language. is included in this post along with information about the Serer language, the Wolof language, the Akan language, and Jamaican Patois.

The content of this post is presented for historical, socio-cultural, linguistic, and educational purposes. Thanks to Souley O for this vlog presentation and thanks to all those who are quoted in this post.
-snip-
Click https://pancocojams.blogspot.com/2022/08/jamaican-patois-words-that-have-african.html that focuses on an episode of the Shan's Patwa Academy channel and some comments from that discussion thread. That pancocojams post is entitled "Jamaican Patois Words That Have African Origins (YouTube vlog with selected discussion thread comments)".

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INFORMATION ABOUT THE FULA LANGUAGE
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fula_language
"Fula /ˈfuːlə/,[1] also known as Fulani /fʊˈlɑːniː/[1] or Fulah[2][3][4] (Fula: Fulfulde 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫, Pulaar 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪, Pular 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞤪; Arabic: الفولاني, French: Peul(h), German: Fulfulde), is a Senegambian language spoken by around 30 million people as a set of various dialects in a continuum that stretches across some 18 countries in West and Central Africa. Along with other related languages such as Serer and Wolof, it belongs to the Atlantic geographic group within Niger–Congo, and more specifically to the Senegambian branch. Unlike most Niger-Congo languages, however, Fula does not have tones.

It is spoken as a first language by the Fula people ("Fulani", Fula: Fulɓe) from the Senegambia region and Guinea to Cameroon, Nigeria, and Sudan and by related groups such as the Toucouleur people in the Senegal River Valley. It is also spoken as a second language by various peoples in the region, such as the Kirdi of northern Cameroon and northeastern Nigeria."...

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INFORMATION ABOUT THE SERER LANGUAGE
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serer_language
"Serer, often broken into differing regional dialects such as Serer-Sine and Serer saloum, is a language of the kingdoms of Sine and Saloum branch of Niger–Congo spoken by 1.2 million people in Senegal and 30,000 in the Gambia as of 2009.[2] It is the principal language of the Serer people.

Classification

Serer is one of the Senegambian languages, which are characterized by consonant mutation. The traditional classification of Atlantic is that of Sapir (1971), which found that Serer was closest to Fulani.[3] However, a widely cited misreading of the data by Wilson (1989) inadvertently exchanged Serer for Wolof. Dialects of Serer are Serer Sine (the prestige dialect), Segum, Fadyut-Palmerin, Dyegueme (Gyegem), and Niominka. They are mutually intelligible except for the Sereer spoken in some of the areas surrounding the city of Thiès.

Not all Serer people speak Serer. About 200,000 speak Cangin languages. Because the speakers are ethnically Serer, they are commonly thought to be Serer dialects. However, they are not closely related, and Serer is significantly closer to Fulani (also called Pulbe, Pulaar, or Fulbe) than it is to Cangin."....

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INFORMATION ABOUT THE WOLOF LANGUAGE
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolof_language
"Wolof /ˈwoʊlɒf/[3] (Wolofal: ولوفل) is a language of Senegal, Mauritania, and the Gambia, and the native language of the Wolof people. Like the neighbouring languages Serer and Fula, it belongs to the Senegambian branch of the Niger–Congo language family. Unlike most other languages of the Niger-Congo family, Wolof is not a tonal language.

Wolof is the most widely spoken language in Senegal, spoken natively by the Wolof people (40% of the population) but also by most other Senegalese as a second language.[4] Wolof dialects vary geographically and between rural and urban areas. The principal dialect of Dakar, for instance, is an urban mixture of Wolof, French, and Arabic.

Wolof is the standard spelling and may also refer to the Wolof ethnicity or culture. Variants include the older French Ouolof, Jollof, Jolof, Gambian Wolof, etc., which now typically refers either to the Jolof Empire or to jollof rice, a common West African rice dish. Now-archaic forms include Volof and Olof.

English is believed to have adopted some Wolof loanwords, such as banana, via Spanish or Portuguese,[5] and nyam in several Caribbean English Creoles meaning "to eat" (compare Seychellois Creole nyanmnyanm, also meaning "to eat").[6]"...

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INFORMATION ABOUT THE AKAN LANGUAGE
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akan_language
"Akan (/əˈkæn/[5]) is a Central Tano language and the principal native language of the Akan people of Ghana, spoken over much of the southern half of Ghana.[6] About 80% of Ghana's population can speak Akan,[6] and about 44% of Ghanaians are native speakers.[6] It is also spoken in parts of Côte d'Ivoire.[6]

Four dialects have been developed as literary standards with distinct orthographies: Asante, Akuapem, Bono (collectively known as Twi), and Fante  ;[7][8] which, despite being mutually intelligible,[9][10] were inaccessible in written form to speakers of the other standards until the Akan Orthography Committee (AOC)'s development of a common Akan orthography in 1978, based mainly on Akuapem Twi.[11] This unified orthography is used as the medium of instruction in primary school by speakers of several other Central Tano languages, such as Akyem, Anyi, Sehwi, Fante, Ahanta, and the Guan languages.[12] The Akan Orthography Committee has worked on the creation of a standard orthography.

With the Atlantic slave trade, the language was introduced to the Caribbean and South America, notably in Suriname, spoken by the Ndyuka, and in Jamaica, spoken by the Jamaican Maroons, also known as the Coromantee.[9] The cultures of the descendants of escaped slaves in the interior of Suriname and the Maroons in Jamaica still retain influences from this language, including the Akan naming practice of naming children after the day of the week on which they are born, e.g. Akwasi/Kwasi for a boy or Akosua for a girl born on a Sunday. In Jamaica and Suriname, the Anansi spider stories are still well-known."...

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INFORMATION ABOUT JAMAICAN PATOIS & WHAT "NYAM" MEANS IN JAMAICAN PATOIS
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_Patois#:~:text=Jamaican%20Patois%20(%2F%CB%88p%C3%A6,the%20West%20African%20Akan%20language.
"Jamaican Patois (/ˈpætwɑː/; locally rendered Patwah and called Jamaican Creole by linguists) is an English-based creole language with West African influences, spoken primarily in Jamaica and among the Jamaican diaspora. A majority of the non-English words in Patois come from the West African Akan language.[5] It is spoken by the majority of Jamaicans as a native language.

Patois developed in the 17th century when enslaved people from West and Central Africa were exposed to, learned, and nativized the vernacular and dialectal forms of English spoken by the slaveholders: British English, Scots, and Hiberno-English. Jamaican Creole exhibits a gradation between more conservative creole forms that are not significantly mutually intelligible with English,[6] and forms virtually identical to Standard English.[7]...
-snip-
The word "Patois" is also spelled as "Patwa".

Here's a Jamaican definition of "nyam" from https://jamaicanpatwah.com/term/Nyam/1057#.YwKyA3bMK1s
"Nyam

English Translation

Eat, eating, eaten etc...

Definition

Means either "eat" or "eating"

Example Sentences

Patois: Fram mawning mi nuh nyam

English: Since morning I haven't eaten"

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SELECTED COMMENTS ABOUT "NYAM" FROM THE DISCUSSION THREAD OF SOULEY O'S VLOG

Numbers are added for referencing purposes only 

2019

1. Oolel Pulaar
"Accu nyaamen, wanaa Pulaar because you translate literally the English expression " let's eat"

Mbeda weltinii ma no feewi, kon mbeda toriima jangu fulani Grammar.

Ada waawi aawtaade  (download) defte Fulfulde hono: piindi ganndal, Walla "mbido waawi Pulaar" "

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Reply
2. Souley O
"Thats how I spoke way before I learned English and my folks who don't speak any English still say Accu Nyamen , in Niger anyways, not sure where you are from."

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Reply
3. Kay W
"There are so many dialects of pulaar (26 that they know of ) it really depends on where you are"

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2020
4. belkisaxum
"Thanks Souleyman. Great vidoe. Please do no assume your audience do not know about some of your content. I am Jamaican and I knew the word nyam was a Fulani word. We have many West African words in the Jamaican language. May Allah reward your efforts".

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Reply
5. Souley O
"Thank you sister, I only said that because all Jamaicans I met didn't know but you are right , I shouldn't assume every Jamaican didn't know. Thank you so much, mucho peace!"

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Reply
6. MrDre6000, 2021
"I am Jamaica but I did not know that Nyam was from Fulani language. I knew it was from Africa though. So thanks Souley For the information"

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7. Sebs_The _Servant🧿
"
We as Bantu Africans Nyama means meat from Congo to Southern Africa."

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Reply
8. Markie C
"But it's not used as a grammatical verb as in "to eat". None in West Africa do either except for the Fulani ( and maybe the Serer and the Wolof)."

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9. Yasin Qur'aan
"Up! Yes the word "nyam" in jamaica must come fula language, I think it must come from serer language too, in serer language they say "nyam" too if they want to say "eat". Now the word "nyam" is in many places in the americas, it is in eastern caribbean, surinam, western caribbean, and US (gullah language). But I think perhaps somebody which speaks fula/serer language didn't bring this word from africa to jamaica directly, I think perhaps somebody which speaks fula/serer language brought it from africa to barbados first, and perhaps after that they brought this word from barbados to other places in eastern caribbean, surinam, jamaica and US."

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Reply
10. Lumumba Ansah
"Serer language is heavily influence by the fulani language.They are Dendirado or often referred as cousins.The Fulanis were enslave in Trinidad,barbadoes,Guyana,st Vincent and thay all say Nyam.Stop making conjecture mi Breada."

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11. Jugh Samba
"Serers say also nyam. Gari nyam in serer means come and eat. Fulani serer link is the most powerful blood brotherhood  in senegal."

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12. J Lynch
"Is also heard the word Nyam/niam was linked with the Azande ethnic group of central Africa"

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Reply
18. Souley O
"Possibly"

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Reply
19. TwinMommy: SoRaya😍, 2021
"
Maybe but we Jamaicans got Nyam directly from the Fulanis though. There were Fulanis in Jamaica.

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Reply
20. Markie C, 2021
"Yeah but it's used in different context, more like cannibal or animal (flesh). The fact that the Akans, Ibos, Yorubas and Efiks ( many of the people who were brought as slaves in JA) don't use that word, it probably means that the Mali/ Senegambians ( Fulanis, Mande and Wolof) had an early impact in Jamaica."

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Reply
22. TwinMommy: SoRaya😍, 2021
"
 @Markie C  yes. Sahelian Africans were the first taken to the island."

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23. Sabz Khumalo
"Nyama in swahili and Zulu means meat. So in Zulu I would say ngidla (I am eating) inyama (meat)."

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Reply
24. Markie C
"Erhmm...That's rather different thou. The focus is on the actual action ( "to eat")."

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Reply
25. Sabz Khumalo
"@Markie C  we know, we just remarking on the use of the name"
-snip-
In that comment "the name" means "the word".

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Reply
26. Collins Kipkorir, 2021
"
ule/kula swahili for eat, zulu is udle"

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Reply
27. Sabz Khumalo, 2021
"
@Collins Kipkorir  how do you use ule/kule? is Kule (eating) and ule (eat)?"

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Reply
28. Collins Kipkorir, 2021
"
@Sabz Khumalo   kula is eat e.g i want to eat is nataka kula but ule is used when addressing someone..say, kuja ule means come eat .."

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2021

29. Collin Henry
"But when I visit Ghana in the Akan area of the Ashanti and Fanti who speak the Twi language they do not use the word nyam to eat there would say "di aduane" which is eat food", I did not know is Fulani word until now."

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Reply
30. Adwoa
"Yes you are right we say di ( eat).  Nyam in Akan actually means to mash, to grind or make it mix. Like we say when you eat your stomach will “ nyam” the food. You get me."

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Reply
31. TwinMommy: SoRaya😍
"
@Adwoa  sure but we got Nyam from the Fulanis, not the akan"

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Reply
32. Adwoa
"@TwinMommy: SoRaya😍   Madame I did not say Nyam was from the Akans. I was just explaining to him what "nyam" means in Asante-Twi. Anyway, It does not surprise me that there are some Fula loan words in the Jamaican language"

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33. 
0 R
"Oh my God... in suriname we also say nyan wow .. so there is at least one african word i can say . Sir. What  is that a word you are using? What is it translated in english? Ok. Now i will go study fulani language . Wow. I was hoping to find traces of African language in Sranan tongo. The surinamese creole, and now you have given me at least one word.. I am so wow.... im so enthusiasts. I thought there where no traces of west african influence in sranantongo..😯 so glad i found this."...

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34. Gougine & Evance Lifestyle
"In luo community in kenya,nyam means to chew"

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35. Just Looking
"Yes we do know where nyam comes from. We know it's wolof"

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Reply
36. L'Homme De Parfum
"No, it's not. Wolof says "lekk"."

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Reply
37. Souley O
"Its fulfude for sure."

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38. Ben Tsedek Mganga Ha Magan
"@Lumumba Ansah  keep in mind Arabic is really an African. Language.  Just like Hause is  classified as a Afro-asiatic. However, before that it was called hamitico Semetic.

Here are some similar words.

Kitabu (Swahili) Book. Kitaba. Constitution. Krataa (Akan) Paper. Kitaab (Arabic) Book.

Nyama (Swahili) Meat. Nam/Enam (Akan) Meat. Nama (Hausa) Meat. Inyama (Isizulu) Meat. Lahm (Arabic) Meat.

Ani (Akan) Eye. Aniwa (Fante) Eye. Anya (Igbo) Eye. Ayin (Hebrew) Eye. Ayini (Amharic) Eye. Ayn
(Arabic) Eye.

Jinso (Swahili) Sex. Jinsi (Hausa) Sex. Jinso (Akan) Urine. Jins (Arabic) Sex.

Bana ( Sesotho) Children. Ba (Akan) Child. Bana (Arabic) Daughter. Abn (Arabic) Son. Ben (hebrew).

Dawadawa (Akan) Medicinal food. Daawaa (Swahili) Medicine. Dawaa (Arabic) Medicine.

Salama (Swahili) Safe. Salama(kikongo), Shalom (Hebrew) Peace. Salama (Arabic) Peace. Salam(Amharic)

Re/Ra (Isizulu) Chief /Man. “Ra Makoena” Top man of Makoena clan Ra’s (Arabic) Head / Chief"

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2022

39. Ghosta Gee
"Nyama is a word in many bantu languages. It means meat. Wanyama is animals or wenyama like in the lion king song. Nyamura is bite in Kirundi."

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SELECTED COMMENTS ABOUT "NYAM" FROM THE DISCUSSION THREAD OF SHAN'S PATWA ACADEMY VLOG


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qyA6S9hPaC8&t=316s 
Jamaica Patois Words Of African Origin, May 27, 2021

Numbers are added for referencing purposes only. 

1. Misspoundcake, 2022 ..."I’m a Jamaican born on the island but left the there as a very young girl when my mom went to the USA. I must say! From I left Jamaica since Which is over 50 years now at an early age....😁😁😁my mom often used the word ( nyam) especially when we were young and didn’t like to eat certain things, she would get impatient and started yelling “nyam the food”😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂"
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2. aha DEUX
"Nyam means eat in fula not in wolf when a Fula say ar nyam he is telling you to came eat lèck means eat In wolf..."
-snip-
"Wolf"= misspelling of the word "Wolof"

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3. ragwar kanisa
"... nyam mean the same thing am from Kenya."

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4. 
Abdoulie Jammeh
"My brother I am from Gambia,aïne means lunch and nyam means food from wollof people."

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5. Abdoulie Jammeh
"Serer people of Senegal and Gambia also use nyam as eat.my ancestoral tribe are Mandinka,Serer and Wollof."

** 6. Abdoulie Jallow " "Nyam" is a Fulani or Serer word meaning "eat". These are two different languages though. The Wolof word for "eat" is "lecka" and "leck" in Gambian and Senegalese dialects respectively. A lot of Serer people in both Gambia and Senegal have generally become a Wolofized population but nevertheless, it is a distinct language in its own right.."
** 7. Achuil Ajak "Nyam Nyam is also a Dinka and Nuer word eating or someone assume to eat people.

Dinka and Nuer are in South Sudan and there are Nuer in Ethiopia as well." ** 8. Michael Mills "im Ghanaian. nyam is Akan, to mash or grind. like mashed yams,  mashed potatoes. mashed pepper."....

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