Edited by Azizi Powell
This pancocojams posts presents a compilation of questions & replies about customs in Jamaican Revivalist churches (founded in 1860) that I have come across reading discussion threads of YouTube videos.
The content of this post is presented for cultural and religious purposes.
All copyrights remain with their owners.
Thanks to all those who are quoted in this post.
-snip-
Click http://pancocojams.blogspot.com/2019/04/general-information-about-jamaicas.html for a 2019 pancocojams post entitled "General Information About Jamaica's Revivalists Religious Denominations (with YouTube video: "Who are Zion Revival people ?")". A portion of that post having to do with ceremonies is quoted in the comment section for this post.
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DISCLAIMER:
I'm African American and not a member of a Revivalist church. The only information I have about this Christian denomination is what I've read online and what I have heard & seen in YouTube videos. Consequently, I don't know if these replies are accurate.
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QUESTIONS AND REPLIES ABOUT JAMAICA'S REVIVALIST CHURCH CUSTOMS
These quotes are given in no particular order.
Numbers are added for referencing purposes only.
The individual videos whose links are given may have to be watched in order to understand what the questions refer to.
I will add to this post as I come across questions & replies about Jamaican Revival customs in YouTube videos
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YouTube Discussion thread #1
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QVSodXwMhBA&ab_channel=ApostleRayAnthonyFoster
1. clara guliford-robinso, 2020
"It would be nice if you would let people know what is going
on. Totally in the dark!!!!!!!!!!"
**
Reply
2. Romaine Green, 2020
"Hey Clara which portion exactly are u not clear on so I can
help each one teach one π I'd be more than happy
to help with the little knowledge I have."
**
Reply
3. Cavon Jones, 2020
"@Romaine Green Why are they holding the brooms going around
in circles?"
**
Reply
4. Romaine Green, 2020
"@Cavon Jones okay so in revival physical objects are used
as spiritual symbols to carry out task for deliverance healing and fight
spiritual battle. They are using the broom is used a tool for deliverance in
this aspect just as a broom is used to sweep out unclean things in spiritual
realm that may be hindrance or otherwise. The circle movement is called
labouring which is used to clear the way for a smooth worship remove any
unwanted spirit that Is not of god deliverance and to receive a message from
the messenger Angel's archangel michael and or gabriel and lot more."
YouTube Discussion thread #2
From
1. Jodi P. 2012
"wat is Drilling...am jus so confused, i watch many of these
videos and wish i cud understand it, i refuse to judge i jus yearn for an
understanding"
**
Reply
2. It Is So. 2012
"Don't be! Drilling is a spiritual exercise that we do under
the leading of the Holy Spirit. Through
it we get revelations from Him. We get a
word of deliverance or prophecy, we get a directive for healing and
deliverance...etc."
**
3, Luna Lea, 2021
"When de drilling get sweet
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YouTube Discussion thread #3
From
1. Gifted KoKo, 2013
"Can someone please explain the ritual that's taking place? I
don't know what drilling the bands means, but would love to know and gain
understanding!"
**
Reply
2. Britishinduindii Sage, 2017
"Gifted koko they are getting ready to entertain the Trinity
(father,son,holy ghost) ...and getting ready to call for Michael n his angels
to go into spiritual warfare ..but first they want to hear from God.. That's y
they song the song which says holy spirit speak to me lord."
YouTube Discussion thread #4
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAmU1LoBi14&t=1081s&ab_channel=ApostleRayAnthonyFoster
1.
"Why is there so many
green plants in church."
**
Reply
2. Hansan Jsnsnwnwj, 2021
"Green plants are life in the church, that's why they have so
much."
****
YouTube Discussion thread #5
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YKT2JLYrLTA&ab_channel=HowardHowiebecksBeckford
1. Apple Berry, 2020
"How do they know what to sing say an what language are they talking love how they dress an worship for me is just the music sweet but I honestly don't understand what them saying are doing the way they dance is something else to talk about my late aunt was a revivalist an grow up an hear story about her but no one else in the f@family has never travel dwn that part only her"
**
2. Romaine Green, 2020
"They are under the african influence the spirit leads so as one opens their mouth the utterance is provided. It's hard to explain everything of the holy spirit but when one gets connected so many things are revealed ."
****
YouTube Discussion thread #6
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztlQ0HXwnTY&t=50s&ab_channel=ApostleRayAnthonyFoster
1. alisha felix, 2019
"Love the way you worship please explain the spiritual reasons
for the pencil in the elders head wrap"
**
Reply
2. Child of The King, 2019
"To write when they get certain message, but mostly use
chalk."
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YouTube Discussion thread #7
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAa_SJntNjg&ab_channel=ApostleRayAnthonyFoster
1. Shoshanna Nina, 2017
"What does this ritual means? I grew up in the island and
when I was a child visited a few of these churches when they had rally or
convention. I love to see the dances, candle lighting and people drop a ground
and stay there for several days say they getting spiritual gifts. I did not understand the meaning of the rituals
and still don't. I still love to see all the dancing and the singing, very
entertaining."
**
Reply
2. Kris n' Chill, 2020
"They are summoning up the ancestors and tge spirits of god
and tge deciples to come join them in worship.."
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YouTube Discussion thread #8
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6DnS9r8SYQ&ab_channel=ApostleRayAnthonyFoster
1. Veleita James, 2016
"I really love the old time revival.The new age people are
making some sound,I have to wonder where did they get it from and who are they
listening to?."
**
Reply
2. Rose Daley, 2016
"this is the old
time revival"
**
3. Dave Night, 2021
"Greetings this is real bands drilling"
****
YouTube Discussion Thread #9
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hU8OJg7FLkQ&t=2s&ab_channel=smnwalker1
1. lee allen, 2016
"what are they doing"
**
Reply
2. j E, 2020
"Read Ezekiel 6:11 in the Bible. It's instruction on how to
deal with wickedness...."
**
Reply
3. latoya johnson, 2021
"Traveling in the spirit for deliverance through the Holy
Ghost."
4.
"What is the purpose of the sugar cane?"
**
Reply
5. latoya johnson, 2021
"He uses the sugar cane as the spirit of God gave him
authorance. It is only a tool to help use for some deliverance. He holds it and
travail through the spirit until the Holy Ghost reveal to him as what to
exactly do with it, just like God ask Moses ' what is it do you have in your
hand', he responded and said 'Only a rod Lord'. For example in this case its
not exactly a rod but a fruit for deliverance."
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YouTube Discussionthread #10
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LsV3Tb7cEE&ab_channel=RupertBourne
1. Patra MorningStar, 2019
"Greetings does anyone know the name of the plant that
they're carrying over their heads? Thank you so much & God bless. π―π²❤ππ"
**
Reply
2. Teddy Boo, 2020
"Jeremiah plant"
**
3. Kimopple Gold, 2019
"What the candles for?"
**
Reply
4. Shelly-Ann John, 2020
"Its part of baptiste faith it means purity whatever forces
eg witchcraft,bladphemy,unforgiveness,fornicataing.You would be cleanse and you
would go deep with lord.But your life have to be clean.And he would reveal
things to you.Satan is a liar pray and fast and you would be delivered."
**
Reply
5. Shelly-Ann John, 2020
"Read your word read revelations."
**
6. Jerene Smith, 2019
"What are those candles for only the Blood of Jesus Christ of
Nazareth works"
**
Reply
7. Shelly-Ann John, 2020
"Candles is for puriry meaning if you live in sin he can
break whatever cureses are on you.Especially if you dealung up with unclean
stuff in your life.Trust me he can expose you and clean dont play with the lord
he is very powerful."
**
8. SIMMAUD, 2020
"What is he spraying around the table (about 5 minutes into
the video)?"
**
Reply
9. Vera Wallace, 2020
"I think it is some kind of water. "Kananga water""
**
Reply
10. SIMMAUD, 2020
" @Vera Wallace I seem to remember Grandma in England
sprinkling Rose Water, but somehow "Kananga Water" rings a faint
bell.
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YouTube Discussion thread #11
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-bzflj8yg4&ab_channel=HowardHowiebecksBeckford
1.gwanni, 2017
"What happen to the preaching? Is this all that takes place in these churches?"
**
Reply
2. Life wid Sammi, 2017
"gwanni lol well ..they still preach it's only that wen the drill is happening that's the only time ppl record"
**
3. Akini Douglas, 2018
**
Reply
4. Howard Howiebecks Beckford, 2020
"It's a form or worship"
**
Reply
5. miss happiness very happy, 2020
"Can someone please tell me what is "Drill" thanks"
Reply
6. Howard Howiebecks Beckford, 2020
"Strike with your hands and stamp with your feet..."
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YouTube Discussion thread #12
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YKT2JLYrLTA&ab_channel=HowardHowiebecksBeckford
1. Apple Berry, 2020
"How do they know what to sing say an what language are they talking love how they dress an worship for me is just the music sweet but I honestly don't understand what them saying are doing the way they dance is something else to talk about my late aunt was a revivalist an grow up an hear story about her but no one else in the f@family has never travel dwn that part only her"
**
Reply
2. Romaine Green, 2020
"They are under the african influence the spirit leads so as one opens their mouth the utterance is provided. It's hard to explain everything of the holy spirit but when one gets connected so many things are revealed ."
YouTube Discussion thread #13
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0apj4Rybb4&ab_channel=AstonCooke
1.
"Hello everyone. Does anyone know the significance of the
colors and what they represent? The white red
and blue?"
**
Reply
2. Kemoya Foster, 2019
"In the bible, the Hebrew word for Red is Oudem. It’s
actually meaning is Red Clay. Hebrew word which mean Flesh. Thus, it is the
root word for mankind as stated in the Bible.
Blue is the third primary color. It spiritually signifies
the Healing Power of God. It is the most sublime subject and color which
represents, biblically, the Word of God. The 15th Chapter of Numbers, verses
38-41 denote this biblical meaning of Blue (fringe of the borders a ribband of
blue). The very fact that the Sky is blue stands for the presence of YahWeh.
God’s chosen nation Israel is also denoted as blue from the time of David.In
Matt 9: 21, the woman who had an issue of blood for 12 years says “I shall be
whole again, if I touch the hem of His garment)- the garment hem is also Blue.
White- Bride of Christ, surrender, harvest, light,
righteousness, conquest, victory, blessedness, Joy, Angels, saints, peace,
completion, triumph. "...
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YouTube Discussion thread #14
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTwYjgDaNDE&ab_channel=RupertBourne
1. Andre Later, 2019
"A wonder what the 2 flaretail machete for.."
**
Reply
2. Treston Crosdale, 2019
"It represents the sword which is the word of God."
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YouTube Discussion thread #15
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNA2mw8Q1AU&ab_channel=ApostleRayAnthonyFoster
1. j E, 2020
"I hear and read comments by persons/officers of the Revival
Churches saying that this is our African Ancestral way of worship! But I read
my Bible.
And in Ezekiel chapter 6:11, it reads... "Thus saith
the Lord God; Smite with thine hand, and stamp with thy feet, and say Alas for
the evil abominations of the house of Israel: for they shall fall by the sword,
by the famine, and by the pestilence."...... This action therefore, is the instruction of the Lord God Almighty,
to the church......To use in "Spiritual Warfare" against the
wickedness that comes against his people.
And it's time we give God the Glory due unto His Name and stop calling
His instruction to us "Ancestral worship". No wonder the world is
sceptical of us and our way of worship, by refusing to believe that we do serve
the True and Living God: For from our own lips comes ignorance. Hence the world
do believe us, that we are worshiping
our African ancestor......Thanks to our own mouth. This is why the Bible
encourage us to "Study to show ourselves Approve"... Amen"
Reply
2. Kris
"Wow... I never knew that.. I thought they were summoning up
the ancestors to come and work with them..."
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Youtube Discussion thread #16
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_VjJOAgMLY&t=33s&ab_channel=SpiritDevine61
1. pasha, 2016
"too much cyangle...wa dem fa??"
**
Reply
2. Simone Campbell, 2021
"The amount of candles is to represent the light of people"
**
3. miztri, 2016
"The title bishop is a Western Christian terminology and
clearly this is African beats and dancing. These people clearly are confused"
**
Reply
4. T. kafash Thomas, 2016
"You clearly have never encountered Braithwaits' theory of
"creolization". The Caribbean is culturally diverse society and over
the years cultures have been fused together to create new things and that is
call "creolization" or at times it is referred to as hybridization.
But crolization specifically speaks to a merger of African and European
traditions.What you are seeing is a Revival worship session which is one of the
Caribbean many creole indigenous religious movements. So when Africans were brought here and forced
to learn the Christian doctrine what they did was to incorporate it with their
own Afro traditions, currently many of these religious movements are called Afro-Christian
religions. It is the same way we fuse African Language and English to create
creole. You are ignorant as it relates to Caribbean Cultural studies and
Sociology, so I am shedding some light."
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YouTube Discussion thread #17
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h1SL7N7S2l8&ab_channel=RuffianBlk
1. Dwight Dawkins, 2012
"why are they spinning repeatedly???"
**
Reply
2. Patricia Evanas, 2012
"They entered into a spiritual wheel"
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YouTube Discussion thread #18
From https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tg3za3D834Q&ab_channel=RealMarvinBennett
1. That Girl, 2021
"So the gentleman at the beginning did the fasting right
there in the church? Just no food for three days? Can somebody explain. I'm
curious."
**
Reply
2. That Girl, 2021
"Also the repetitive singing.. is this english? Or from which
culture? Please don't take my comments as ignorant. I love watching your
video's its just I'd like to know more."
**
Reply
3. J, 2021
"@That Girl
Info on what God wants us to do when we fast:
Matthew 6:18-18
Isaiah 58"
**
Reply
4. That Girl, 2021
"@J much appreciated"
**
Reply
5. J, 2021
"That Girl
You're welcome...
Blessings"
**
Reply
6. Real Marvin Bennett, 2021
"Okay so yes he was on fasting for 3 days in the church
In the morning he get small cup of tea 3 crackers and in the
evening fruits 3crackers"
**
Reply
7. Real Marvin Bennett, 2021
"The song is hindu song that’s the nation the young man got
while getting up off fasting
We are revivalist and in revival church we travel through
different nations
So sometimes you will hear us singing African songs Chinese
song Hindu songs e.t.c"
**
Reply
8. Real Marvin Bennett, 2021
https://youtu.be/xSBFnReksdo
For example this is African nation we’re singing and dancing
like the Africans"
**
Reply
9. Real Marvin Bennett, 2021
"https://youtu.be/eJytjQI2YAc
This is the Chinese nation where we sing and dance like them"
**
Reply
10. Real Marvin Bennett, 2021
"Hope I was able to make you understand what am saying
Blessings and thanks for the support ππΌππΌππΌ"
**
Reply
11. That Girl, 2021
"@Real Marvin
Bennett Wow. Three whole days is
excellent. I managed 18 hours my first time. It wasn't easy but I shall
persevere with it.
I heard sounds from Africa for sure but it's interesting that you embrace Asian and other cultures also. I have family in Sav La Mar. It would be an honour to visit your church one day. Thanks for taking the time to explain. Blessings from the UK. ππΎ"
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Thanks for visiting pancocojams.
Visitor comments are welcome.
Here's a portion of a longer article about Jamaica's Revivalist churches that I quoted in a 2019 pancocojams post. The link to that pancocojams post is given above. The link to that article itself is no longer viable.
ReplyDelete"Ceremonies
A Revival ceremony will start with singing, preaching, Bible reading led by the Shepherd, and build up to a pitch where certain members will become possessed or get ‘into the spirit’. Practices called ‘trumping and labouring’ will help to induce such possession.
In trumping (or tramping) and labouring, members led by the Shepherd dance counter-clockwise around the table, seal or altar in the process of which evil spirits are trampled or expelled, Zionists maintaining a circle, Poco adherents preferring a horseshoe shape to leave space for the spirits to enter. While moving their bodies forward, Revivalists bend, expelling the breath, and utter a groaning sound on the upswing, all in 2/4th rhythm, a movement that causes dizziness in some persons and facilitates the onset of spirit possession. The Shepherd orchestrates the proceedings by ‘cymballing’, i.e. chanting in ‘unknown tongues’. Trumping will continue till the drums are suddenly stopped and the only sounds heard are vocal - the gutteral sounds of the trumping and the Shepherd’s ‘cymballing’ chant. A wheeling stage will follow in which members turn around rapidly on the same spot, their gowns billowing. Members will become possessed and ‘travel’ to the spirit world. Each member imitates the particular spirit in movement or sound, e.g. ‘dove’, ‘bell ringer’ etc. The leader himself receives and interprets spirit messages.
Outside of their regular services, Revivalists will sometimes hold street meetings that are usually brief affairs held to attract members. Revival music, dress, and behaviour have inspired novels, poems, plays, dance-theatre, and Reggae music. In recent rimes, numerous popular songs utilizing Revival rhythms and satirizing ‘Poco people’ have made the charts, such as ‘Revival Time’ by Chalice and ‘Pocomania Day’ by Lovindeer." [Baxter 1970, Bilby 1985a, Chevannes 1998, Lewin 2000, Ryman 1980, Seaga 1969, Simpson 1956, 1970, 1978]"
Notice the sentence that indicates that Revivalists danced counterclockwise around the table. That counterclockwise circular movement is documented in a number of traditional African dances.
DeleteAlso, note the sentence that Poco adherents preferring a horseshoe shape to leave space for the spirits to enter", "Poco" refers to members of Revival 61 (established in 1861) that were called "Pocomania" and "Zion" refers to followers of Revival 60 churches (established in 1860).
I've read that "Pocomania" is considered offensive now.