Edited by Azizi Powell
This post provides information about the Bullerenge music genre and showcases four songs performed by Afro-Colombian vocalist Etvelina Maladona.
General information about Afro-Colombians is also included in this post as is biographical information about Etelvina Maldonado. I also included brief information about Baru, Colombia, the birthplace of Etelvina Maldonado.
The content of this post is presented for historical, folkloric, entertainment, and aesthetic purposes.
All copyrights remain with their owners.
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INFORMATION ABOUT AFRO-COLOMBIANS
From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_Colombian
"African Colombian or Afro-Colombians refers to Colombians of African ancestry, and the great impact they have had on Colombian culture. Notable Afro-Colombians include Colombian scientists like Raul Cuero, writers like Manuel Zapata Olivella and politicians: Piedad Córdoba, Paula Marcela Moreno Zapata, and Luis Gilberto Murillo, Miss Colombia 2001 winner and fashion model Vanessa Alexandra Mendoza Bustos, first Olympic gold medal winner for the country Maria Isabel Urrutia, and Major League Baseball player Edgar Rentería...
Afro-Colombians make up 10,52% of the population, almost 5 million people, according to a projection of the National Administration Department of Statistics (DANE),[1] most of whom are concentrated on the northwest Caribbean coast and the Pacific coast in such departments as Chocó, whose capital, Quibdó, is 95.3% Afro-Colombian as opposed to just 2.3% mestizo or white.[4] Considerable numbers are also in Cali, Cartagena, and Barranquilla. Colombia is considered to have the fourth largest Black/African-descent population in the western hemisphere, following Haiti, Brazil and the USA...
African Colombians have played a role in contributing to the development of certain aspects of Colombian culture. For example, several of Colombia's musical genres, such as Cumbia and Vallenato, have African origins or influences.”
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INFORMATION ABOUT BULLERENGUE MUSIC
From http://rateyourmusic.com/genre/Bullerengue/
"Bullerengue is a music genre and dance style with origins in the Colombian Caribbean Coast, with strong relationship and importance to the development and history of the Cumbia genre in the country. Much like Cumbia in its origins, Bullerengue has roots in expressions of African Music music brought by slaves of said continent during the Spanish colonization of South and Central America, and it's known for being sung almost exclusively by females. Some of its main characteristics include a strong emphasis in rhythm and improvisation over melody (with a relative, though not entire, lack of woodwind and string instruments), employment of relatively large groups of musicians (usually not less than 12) and a call-and-response interaction between the lead singer (known as cantadora) and a choir. Bullerengue is associated with the music of artists like Petrona Martínez and Totó la Momposina."
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullerengue
"Bullerengue is a musical style and dance from the Caribbean Region of Colombia and the Darién Province in Panama. It is a cumbia-based style traditionally sung exclusively by women. Some famous bullerengue singers are Irene Martinez, Antún Castro, Estefanía Caycedo, Alé Kumá, Benigna Solís, Martina camargo and Etelvina Maldonado. In recent decades, Petrona Martínez and Totó la Momposina have increased Bullerengue's international popularity and success, having been nominees for the Latin Grammy Award for Best Folk Album."
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INFORMATION ABOUT ETVELINA MALDONADO
From: http://recordando.mforos.com/1569562/10110044-etelvina-maldonado/ [Google translation of the Spanish]
"Etelvina Maldonado
Born in a small village on the island of Baru Cartagena Bay in the hands of her father Pedro Maldonado and her mother Francisca de la Hoz . Etelvina 's childhood spent in pilgrimages carnivals , celebrations, songs bullerengues , fandango of languages and the constant sound of the drum. Etelvina learned and seized a tradition that today gives cantadora recognition . Poverty has been her inspiration and success, working with families washing and ironing clothes , craft that played singing tangos , boleros and bullerengues , in one of this days housework , musician Stanley Montero discovers and contact Rafael Ramos to start a journey that today has among the most representative singers Caribbean and Colombia . The latest album with the traditional format and minimalist production Etelvina voice notes with the chimes and drums format force that traditionally accompanies the singers , with the cheerful drum improviser , the caller ( marcante drum ) and hype ( bass drum ) , a section of choirs, instruments and bagpipes sway Indians. This album contains 12 songs of which most are the experiences of Etelvina and others in the long tradition of the Colombian Caribbean folklore . Format 7 musicians on the scene. Concerts in conventional and unconventional spaces , workshops, educational concerts , parades , floats , traditional dances and special projects. In the scene, Estelvina Maldonado began her concert with characteristic shyness of a village woman who at age 70 faces a public. After the second song loses rigor concert stage and party transforms into a spontaneous and participatory way and village carnival."
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Note: For some reason, Google translate gave "he" instead of the correct gender pronoun "her".
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INFORMATION ABOUT BARU, COLOMBIA
From http://www.expedia.com/Baru-Island-Cartagena-Hotels.0-n6140799-0.Travel-Guide-Filter-Hotels
"In the bay of Cartagena, the Caribbean island of Baru is home to clear water, coral reefs, and white-sand beaches, where its most famous beach, Playa Blanca, takes its name. Close to the Rosario Islands, visitors flock to Baru for the local culture and to indulge in scuba diving, snorkeling, and camping, stopping in for a visit at the nearby Oceanarium and natural park."
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FEATURED EXAMPLES
Example #1: Etelvina Maldonado
robertoromanvila, Uploaded on Feb 9, 2009
Etelvina Maldonado presentandose en el Palacio de la Inquisición, Cartagena Colombia.
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Example #2: Etelvina Maldonado - Negro Mirar [Black Watch]
Aracataca Jonathan Uploaded on Feb 6, 2010
Linda Voz del Bullerengue Colombiano
[Beautiful voice of Colombian Bullerengue.]
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Example #3: FALLECIO ETELVINA MALDONADO.avi
RICOBASSILON, Uploaded on Jan 26, 2010
Una gran estrella musical estara iluminando el cielo del Caribe colombiano esta noche
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Google translate: "A great musical star will be lighting up the sky tonight Colombian Caribbean"
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Example #4: A Pila el Arro-Etelvina Maldonado
cgonzalezaguas, Uploaded on Nov 4, 2011
Etelvina maldonado (1935-2010)
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Thanks to Etelvina Maldonado for her musical legacy. Thanks also to those who are quoted in this post and thanks to the publishers of these examples on YouTube.
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